Al waqf and Ibtida Part1 الوقف والأبتداء الجزء الاول
One of the most important areas in the science of Tajweed is knowledge of how to stop and begin recitation.
The understanding of Allah‟s words can‟t be appreciated ,nor correct understanding achieved without this knowledge .
Ibn Omar radia Allahu Anhu said “We spent a particular time when Iman (faith) would come to a person before Al-Qur’an and before a Soorah was revealed to the Prophet (blessing and peace be upon him), then we learned the halal and haram as well as the do’s and don’ts and what is suggested to be learnt/notified from it”.
First: Al Waqf (The stopping) الوقف
There are three divisions:
1-The Optional Waqf (Stop) الوقف الاختيارى
This is what was intended by the reciter by his own choice, without any outside reasons. This is the category of stopping that will be discussed in details , needs to be studied and applied in the correct way.
The optional stop is divided into four categories:
- Complete تام
- Sufficient كاف
- Good حسن
- Repulsive قبيح
2-The Compelled Waqf (Stop) الوقف الاضرارى
This is what happens when the reader has a compelling reason for stopping such as shortness of breath, sneezing, coughing, disability, forgetfulness, and whatever is similar to these causes. In these cases it is allowed to stop on the end of the word the reciter was at, even if the meaning is not complete.
After the compelling state has passed, the reader then starts with the word stopped on, and then joins it with what follows if it is a sound beginning; if not, the reader then should start back one or two or more words, until they can start with what is sound for a beginning.
3-The Test Waqf (Stop) الوقف الاختبارى
This is what is required of the student when being examined or taught by a teacher.The teacher may stop the student and correct him in a letter, in reading, in Tajweed, or anything else that they feel needs correcting. The student stops when instructed to, and attempts to correct the mistake.
THE OPTIONAL Waqf (STOP ) الوقف الاختيارى
1-The complete Waqf (stop ) الوقف التام
Its definition: It is the stop on a Quranic word complete in meaning and not attached to what follows it in grammatical expression or in meaning. If something is attached in meaning, it means that the preceding and following words are attached in meaning, but not necessarily attached in grammatical structure. This category of stop is usually found at the end of an ayah, and at the completion of stories in the Quran.
The rule for the complete stop: It is best to stop on the word that is a complete stop, and then start on what follows it.
The compulsory Waqf (required) stop
Known in the Mushaf by the small meem sign مـ, shows that there is a must to stop , not stopping on this word could change the intended meaning of Allah‟s words.
Examples:
وَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا فَيَقُولُونَ مَاذَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ بِهَٰذَا مَثَلًا ۘ – إِنَّمَا يَسْتَجِيبُ الَّذِينَ يَسْمَعُونَ ۘ وَالْمَوْتَىٰ يَبْعَثُهُمُ اللَّهُ ثُمَّ إِلَيْهِ يُرْجَعُونَ
- it is happened also in the end of Ayah. (The unrestricted complete Waqf )
Examples:
Stopping on ayah (5) أُولَٰئِكَ عَلَىٰ هُدًى مِّن رَّبِّهِمْ ۖ وَأُولَٰئِكَ هُمُ الْمُفْلِحُونَ
Then start (6) إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا سَوَاءٌ عَلَيْهِمْ أَأَنذَرْتَهُم أَمْ لَمْ تُنذِرْهُمْ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ
2-The sufficient Waqf (stop ) الوقف الكاف
Its definition: It is the stop on a Quranic word that is complete in meaning, and is attached to what follows it in meaning, but not in grammar. It can be at the end of a verse, or in a middle of a verse. It is called sufficient due to its lack of attachment grammatically to what follows, even though it is attached in meaning.
Its rule: It is advisable to stop on it and start with that which follows, just as in the complete stop.
Example:
Stop in أَمَّنْ هَٰذَا الَّذِي هُوَ جُندٌ لَّكُمْ يَنصُرُكُم مِّن دُونِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ ۚ
Then Start إِنِ الْكَافِرُونَ إِلَّا فِي غُرُورٍ
Other Example:
Stop in فِي قُلُوبِهِم مَّرَضٌ فَزَادَهُمُ اللَّهُ مَرَضًا ۖ
Then Start وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ بِمَا كَانُوا يَكْذِبُونَ
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